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Pozityvios jaunimo raidos komponentų sąsajos su pasitenkinimu gyvenimu, psichologiniu atsparumu bei internaliais ir eksternaliais sunkumais

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Title Pozityvios jaunimo raidos komponentų sąsajos su pasitenkinimu gyvenimu, psichologiniu atsparumu bei internaliais ir eksternaliais sunkumais
Positive Youth Development Links to Satisfaction with life, Resilience and Internalizing and Externalizing Problems
 
Creator Truskauskaitė-Kunevičienė, Inga; Mykolas Romeris University
Žukauskainė, Rita
Kaniušonytė, Goda
 
Subject pozityvi jaunimo raida; 5C; pasitenkinimas gyvenimu; psichologinis atsparumas; internalūs ir eksternalūs sunkumai; paauglystė
positive youth development; 5Cs; satisfaction with life; resilience; internalizing and externalizing problems; teenagers
 
Description Pozityvios jaunimo raidos tyrimus Lietuvos paauglių imtyje paskatino kitų autorių tyrimais atskleistos teigiamos sąsajos su pozityviomis psichologinėmis pasekmėmis ir neigiamos sąsajos su negatyviomis. Vis dėlto šios sąsajos yra grindžiamos moksliniais įrodymais, gautais kitokiame kultūriniame kontekste. Be to, itin mažai tyrimų orientuojasi tiek į pozityvias psichologines pasekmes, tiek į negatyvias tose pačiose tiriamųjų grupėse. Taigi, šio tyrimo tikslas – nustatyti pozityvios jaunimo raidos komponentų (5C, Lerner, 2005) sąsajas su pozityviomis psichologinėmis pasekmėmis, tokiomis kaip pasitenkinimas gyvenimu ir psichologinis atsparumas, bei negatyviomis psichologinėmis pasekmėmis, tokiomis kaip internalūs ir eksternalūs sunkumai. Straipsnyje panaudoti 1724 (amžius: M = 16,61; SD = 1,24) Utenos apskrities 9‒12 klasių moksleivių (47,2 proc. vaikinų; 52,8 proc. merginų) duomenys iš šiuo metu Lietuvoje įgyvendinamo longitudinio pozityvios jaunimo raidos tyrimo (POSIDEV) pirmojo matavimo. Duomenims rinkti buvo naudojamas Pozityvios jaunimo raidos klausimynas (Lerner ir kt., 2005b; Phelps ir kt., 2009; Bowers ir kt., 2010), kurį sudaro charakterio, kompetencijų, užjautimo, ryšių ir pasitikėjimo subskalės; Pasitenkinimo gyvenimu skalė (Diener ir kt., 1985); Psichologinio atsparumo skalės trumpoji versija (Smith ir kt., 2008) bei Internalių ir eksternalių sunkumų skalės (Achenbach ir Rescorla, 2001) nerimastingumo / depresiškumo, užsisklendimo / depresiškumo, taisyklių laužymo ir agresyvaus elgesio subskalės.Tyrimo rezultatai atskleidė teigiamas pozityvios jaunimo raidos komponentų (5C, Lerner, 2005) sąsajas su pozityviomis psichologinėmis pasekmėmis ir neigiamas sąsajas su negatyviomis. Rezultatai taip pat atskleidė, kad didesnį pasitenkinimą gyvenimu lemia charakteris, kompetencija, ryšiai ir pasitikėjimas; didesnį psichologinį atsparumą – kompetencija ir pasitikėjimas; didesnius internalius sunkumus – kompetencijos ryšių ir pasitikėjimo trūkumas. Nustatyta, kad užjautimas prognozuoja mažesnį psichologinį atsparumą ir didesnius eksternalius sunkumus, be to, rezultatai atskleidė, kad pozityvios jaunimo raidos komponentai ir eksternalūs sunkumai susiję netiesiogiai.
Positive youth development is a competence based developmental concept (Lerner, 2005), focused on the main assumption that the youth possesses particular strengths and has potential for healthy successful development (Lerner, 2000).Life satisfaction is a cognitive component of subjective well-being, which is positively related to a variety of desirable psychological characteristics and physical health, as well negatively related to many negative outcomes, such as depression, anxiety and violent behavior (Park, 2004). A positive relation between PYD components and life satisfaction was show in a Chinese sample (Sun and Sheck, 2010, 2012). However, a wider research in different cultures is needed in order to understand the role of subjective well-being in positive youth development. One of the objectives of PYD programs is to foster resilience (Catalano et al., 2004). Nevertheless, there is a lack of researches testing the relation between PYD and resilience. It is also expected that the PYD is more effective than prevention in order to eliminate externalizing and internalizing problems in youth (Catalano, 2002). However, the relation between the PYD components and internalizing problems, such as anxiety/depressiveness and withdrawal/depressiveness, and externalizing problems, such as rule breaking and aggressive behavior, needs to be revealed.There is also a lack of studies, taking into account positive and negative psychological outcomes together to investigate if they have opposite relation to the PYD components.Method. This study investigates the relationship between all positive youth development components and life satisfaction, resilience, and internalizing and externalizing problems. The data used in this study is from an ongoing longitudinal Positive Youth Development study. Community sample was drawn from all high schools in one administrative region in Lithuania (all students from 9-12 grades). Data of 1787 students (participation rate – 98,9 %) participated in the first assessment (47.2 % were boys and 52.8 % were girls, aged 15-19 years (M=16.61, SD=1.24), which took place in spring, 2013. For this study, data of the participants who completely filled all questionnaires (N=1727) were used.Results. The data showed that there is a positive relation between PYD components, such as confidence, competence, character, connection, and life satisfaction. Also, positive relations between resilience and PYD components, such as competence and confidence, and negative relations between resilience and caring and compation were found. Data analysis showed a negative relation between internalizing problems and PYD components, such as confidence, competence and connection. There was a positive relation found between internalizing problems and caring and compation. It was found that the relation between PYD components and externalizing problems is indirect.To conclude, most of PYD components are positively related to positive outcomes and negatively related to negative outcomes. However, some exceptions have to be considered, as well.
 
Publisher Mykolo Romerio Universitetas
 
Contributor Europos socialinis fondas
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Date 2014-05-06
 
Type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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Format application/pdf
 
Identifier https://www3.mruni.eu/ojs/social-work/article/view/1609
10.13165/SD-14-13-1-06
 
Source Social Work; Vol 13, No 1 (2014): Social Work; 98-109
Socialinis darbas; Vol 13, No 1 (2014): Social Work; 98-109
2029-2775
1648-4789
 
Language ltu
 
Relation https://www3.mruni.eu/ojs/social-work/article/view/1609/1854
 
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