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Growth, Inequality, and Poverty: An Analysis of Pro-Poor Growth in Indonesia
Jurnal Ekonomi Kuantitatif Terapan
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| Title |
Growth, Inequality, and Poverty: An Analysis of Pro-Poor Growth in Indonesia
PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI, KETIMPANGAN, DAN KEMISKINAN: Sebuah Analisis Pro-Poor Growth di Indonesia |
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| Creator |
Permadi, Yudistira Andi
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| Description |
In the concept of pro-poor growth, economic growth accompanied by fair income distribution will accelerate the rate of poverty reduction. By employing extensive data of household expenditures and other economic indicators, the study will examine the performance of economic growth in Indonesia whether it has been pro-poor over the period 2005-2013. We employ two methods in this article, Growth Incidence Curve (GIC) method, and Pro-Poor Growth Index (PPGI) method. By applying the GIC method, our empirical results indicate that economic growth in Indonesia has not been pro-poor during the observed period. The curve shows that the highest income population enjoys increased consumption more than the poorest population. Furthermore, PPGI method has revealed that economic growth, inequality, and an interaction term between economic growth and inequality have been significant to influence poverty incidence in Indonesia. Our empirical result also reveals that among manufacturing, agriculture, and services sector; it was manufacturing that has successfully reduced the number of the poor, while agriculture unexpectedly had a devastating impact on the number of poor people. The services sector, meanwhile, had not contributed to poverty alleviation. Furthermore, none of the government spending in education and health that significantly contributes to poverty alleviation. Dalam konsep pertumbuhan ekonomi yang pro-poor, pertumbuhan yang disertai dengan pemerataan pendapatan akan mempercepat proses pengentasan kemiskinan. Dengan menggunakan data survey pengeluaran rumah tangga dan berbagai indikator ekonomi, penelitian ini akan menguji apakah pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia pada periode 2005 sampai dengan 2013 dapat dikategorikan sebagai pertumbuhan yang pro-poor. Penelitian akan menggunakan dua metode, yakni metode Growth Incidence Curve (GIC) dan metode Pro-Poor Growth Index (PPGI). Metode GIC menunjukkan hasil empiris bahwa pertumbuhan ekonomi pada periode yang diobservasi tidak bisa dikatakan sebagai pertumbuhan ekonomi yang pro-poor. Kurva GIC memperlihatkan bahwa rumah tangga ‘kaya’ justru menikmati peningkatan pengeluaran untuk konsumsi dibanding rumah tangga ‘miskin’. Lebih jauh lagi, ketika menggunakan metode PPGI, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pertumbuhan ekonomi, ketimpangan, dan interaksi antara pertumbuhan ekonomi dan ketimpangan berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kemiskinan di Indonesia. Hasil empiris juga menunjukkan bahwa dari tiga sektor yang diteliti, yakni sektor industri, sektor pertanian, dan sektor jasa; sektor industri berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap upaya pengentasan kemiskinan, sedangkan sektor pertanian justru secara signifikan berkorelasi negatif dengan pengurangan kemiskinan. Sementara itu, sektor jasa tidak terbukti berkontribusi dalam menurunkan angka kemiskinan. Selain itu, uji statistik juga menyatakan bahwa pengeluaran pemerintah di bidang pendidikan dan kesehatan tidak berkontribusi dalam mengurangi kemiskinan. Kata Kunci Kemiskinan, Pertumbuhan Ekonomi, Ketimpangan, Pro-Poor Growth |
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| Publisher |
Universitas Udayana
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| Date |
2018-08-13
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| Type |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article |
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| Format |
application/pdf
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| Identifier |
https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/jekt/article/view/35124
10.24843/JEKT.2018.v11.i02.p08 |
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| Source |
Jurnal Ekonomi Kuantitatif Terapan; 2018: Vol. 11, No. 2, Agustus 2018
2303-0186 2301-8968 10.24843/JEKT.2018.v11.i02 |
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| Language |
eng
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| Relation |
https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/jekt/article/view/35124/27853
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| Rights |
Copyright (c) 2018 Jurnal Ekonomi Kuantitatif Terapan
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