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Disoccupazione, disuguaglianza e politica dell’Europa: 1984-2000

Moneta e Credito

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Title Disoccupazione, disuguaglianza e politica dell’Europa: 1984-2000
 
Creator Galbraith, John Kenneth
Gracilazo, Enrique
 
Subject —
Pay; Unemployment
E24;J31;J64
 
Description This paper reconsiders the problem of unemployment in Europe at multiple geographic levels and through time from 1984to 2000. We employ a panel structure that permits us to separate regional, national and continental influences on European unemployment. Important local effects include the economic growth rate, relative wealth or poverty, and the proportion of young people in the labor force. As part of this analysis, we assess the relationship between pay inequality and unemployment in Europe, following the insight of Harris and Todaro (1970) that pay inequalities influence job search. With our own panel of inequality measures derived from Eurostat's REGIO data set, we find that higher pay inequality in Europe is associated with more, not less, unemployment, and the effect is stronger for women and young workers. There are modest country fixed effects for the UK and Spain, but large effects are found only for small countries. These are all negative, a fact that may be due partly to large past emigration in some cases, and partly to strategic wage bargaining in others. Apart from this, distinctive effects at the national level are few, perhaps indicating that national labor market institutions are not the decisive factor in the determination of European unemployment. Changes in the European macro-environment are picked up by time fixed effects, and these show a striking pan-European rise in unemployment immediately following the introduction of the Maastricht Treaty, though with some encouraging recovery late in the decade.    JEL Codes: E24, J31, J64Keywords: Pay, Unemployment
 
Publisher Associazione Economia civile
 
Contributor —
 
Date 2012-04-23
 
Type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
Articolo peer-review
 
Format application/pdf
 
Identifier http://ojs.uniroma1.it/index.php/monetaecredito/article/view/9816
 
Source Moneta e Credito; Vol 57, N° 225 (2004)
Moneta e Credito; Vol 57, N° 225 (2004)
2037-3651
 
Language ita
 
Relation http://ojs.uniroma1.it/index.php/monetaecredito/article/view/9816/9701
 
Rights Copyright (c) 2016 John Kenneth Galbraith, Enrique Gracilazo
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0